术前控制营养状态评分与肝细胞癌肝切除术后预后的研究进展

肝细胞癌(HCC)是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。尽管在早期诊断和个体化治疗方面取得了进展,但经根治性切除等治疗后,HCC患者的临床预后仍不佳,复发率高。因此,在HCC患者中识别准确可靠的预后标志物是必要的。作为一种新的免疫营养生物标志物,控制营养状态(CONUT)评分已被报道用于预测癌症患者的预后。本文将对术前CONUT评分与HCC肝切除术后预后的研究进展进行综述。     

Trends in cancer incidence by socioeconomic deprivation in Germany in 2007 to 2018: An ecological registry-based study

Age-standardized cancer incidence has decreased over the last years for many cancer sites in developed countries. Whether these trends led to narrowing or widening socioeconomic inequalities in cancer incidence is unknown. Using cancer registry data covering 48 million inhabitants in Germany, the ecological association between age-standardized total and site specific (colorectal, lung, prostate and breast) cancer incidence in 2007 to 2018 and a deprivation index on district level (aggregated to quintiles) was investigated. Incidence in the most and least deprived districts were compared using Poisson models. Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) and differences in AAPCs between deprivation quintiles were assessed using Joinpoint regression analyses. Age-standardized incidence decreased strongly between 2007 and 2018 for total cancer and all cancer sites (except female lung cancer), irrespective of the level of deprivation. However, differences in the magnitude of trends across deprivation quintiles resulted in increasing inequalities over time for total cancer, colorectal and lung cancer. For total cancer, the incidence rate ratio between the most and least deprived quintile increased from 1.07 (95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.12) to 1.23 (1.12-1.32) in men and from 1.07 (1.01-1.13) to 1.20 (1.14-1.26) in women. Largest inequalities were observed for lung cancer with 82% (men) and 88% (women) higher incidence in the most vs the least deprived regions in 2018. The observed increase in inequalities in cancer incidence is in alignment with trends in inequalities in risk factor prevalence and partly utilization of screening. Intervention programs targeted at socioeconomically deprived and urban regions are highly needed.     

信息化技术应用于静脉血栓栓塞症护理的研究进展

综述信息化技术在静脉血栓栓塞症护理领域中风险预测、警报接收与上报、抗凝防治管理、医护人员相关继续医学教育、患者疾病预后管理的应用现状，总结其应用阻碍因素，旨在为我国静脉血栓栓塞症护理信息化建设提供参考。     

肾移植女性受者妊娠管理的研究进展

综述妊娠对女性肾移植患者的影响，肾移植术后妊娠的管理（妊娠前风险提示、妊娠前风险评估、妊娠期免疫抑制剂的应用、妊娠期产检及移植肾功能随访、分娩及麻醉方式的选择、产后喂养方式），肾移植术后多胎妊娠受者的现状等。旨在总结近年来国内外对肾移植术后患者妊娠管理的经验，提升移植专科护理人员对术后妊娠群体的关注度，为有妊娠意愿的肾移植术后患者提供支持。